Forms of Government What are Regime types

There are different forms of government in the different countries or states some of the different types of the government we are going to discuss here 

INTRODUCTION:

A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. Each government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy.

MEANING of Government:

Government, the political system by which a country or community is administered and regulated.

DEFINITIONS AND ETYMOLOGY

A government is the system to govern a state or community.

The word government derives, ultimately, from the Greek verb κυβερνάω [kubernáo] (meaning to steer with gubernaculum (rudder), the metaphorical sense being attested in Plato's Ship of State).

The Columbia Encyclopaedia defines government as “a system of social control under which the right to make laws, and the right to enforce them, is vested in a particular group in society".

While all types of organizations have governance, the word government is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments on Earth, as well as their subsidiary organizations.

Finally, government is also sometimes used in English as a synonym for governance.

THE FORMS OF GOVERNMENT:

 

Democracy:

The word democracy comes from the ancient Greek words meaning people and rule of the government. It is a system of government of a country whose leaders have been elected by the people; therefore the power is with the people.

A parliamentary democracy is when the elected representatives meet in parliament to make laws. There are many types of democracies, but all have the main feature of the people being able to decide who will lead and represent their interests. This happens through the process of free and fair elections so the people can give their opinions about issues occurring in their communities.

 

Monarchy:

A monarchy is a form of government led by an individual who holds the position for life, having inherited the position, and who passes it on to a relative, usually a son or daughter.

In the past, all monarchs held great power and made all the decisions and laws of the country. This is known as absolute monarchy. Today, most monarchs act as head of state, filling a ceremonial role with little or no power regarding the actual governing of the country.

A constitutional monarchy is a country which has a written constitution that sets out the rules for how the country will be governed and the rights and responsibilities of its people and has a monarch as head of state.

 

Republic:

A republic is a country where the head of government is an elected or chosen president. Sometimes the president is also the head of state. Presidents are usually elected for a specific length of time, called a term of office. In some countries, a president may only serve for a few terms.

A republic may or may not be democratic. In a democratic republic, the people choose their leaders through elections, although in countries where a president is in a ceremonial role, it may be by government appointment rather than by election. In some undemocratic republics the leaders are chosen by a small number of people and may stay in office for a long time, sometimes without ever being elected, or re-elected. In some cases, there may be elections, but these may be conducted in corrupt ways, or electors are not given a free choice of who to vote for.

 

Totalitarianism:

In a totalitarian society the government holds absolute control over all areas of the lives of its people.

A set of beliefs is imposed on its people, who must conform or face unpleasant consequences. This form of government came into existence during the 1920s when the fascist governments of Italy and Nazi Germany came into power.

 

Fascism:

Fascism is a form of government usually headed by a dictator. It involves total government control of political, economic, cultural, religious, and social activities. Some industries may be owned by individuals, but under government control. This form of government involves extreme patriotism, warlike policies and extreme discrimination against minority groups.

 

Dictatorship:

In a dictatorship, one person, called a Dictator, has absolute power. This differs from totalitarianism in that it is less controlling and not marked by a rigid set of beliefs. Sometimes a country run by a dictatorship may be called a republic. Such republics have only one political party and the dictator makes most government policies and decisions.

To remain in power, dictators must continue to use force or threats and supress the peoples’ freedom.

 

Communism:

Communism is an economic system in which there is little or no private ownership of anything. Property is held by the community rather than by individuals. All economic activity is controlled by the government, including what food crops are grown, what goods are manufactured, and to whom they are sold – and at what prices. Also, limited personal freedom of individuals is allowed, including where they can travel and how they spend their money.

 

Oligarchy:

An oligarchy is a form of government in which only a few wealthy people hold power. A republic may be an oligarchy if just a few people have the right to vote. In most oligarchies, the power of the leadership is supported by the wealthy and the military.

 

Anarchy:

The word anarchy comes from the ancient Greek meaning ‘absence of leader’, or without rulers. In an anarchical society there is a state of lawlessness or political disorder because there is no governmental authority